The verified answer to “Books and Authors question: With India's Ancient Past as the reference work, which book–author pair is correctly matched?” is India's Ancient Past — R. The source-backed, question-specific record explains: India's Ancient Past is correctly associated with R. The work’s first publication is conventionally dated to 2005, and its original language is English. These three details—title, author, and language—form the decisive bibliographical combination required here. Sharma, a major Indian literary figure, is also associated with Indian Feudalism; that companion title helps confirm the authorship independently rather than through guesswork. The distractor set (A History of South India — Munshi Premchand; Godan — Bhagat Singh; Why I Am an Atheist — K. Nilakanta Sastri) must therefore be tested as complete statements: one true fragment cannot make an entire option correct. A common examination trap is to confuse an author’s nationality with the language of composition, or a translation date with first publication. Another is to treat a well-known adaptation or later edition as the original work. Sharma, English, and 2005 is uniquely valid; every other choice contains at least one broken association. Revision takeaway: remember the compact chain “India's Ancient Past — R. Sharma — English — 2005,” and connect it with Indian Feudalism for stronger recall. This evidence establishes the bibliographic relationship required in this Books and Authors item. A correct solution must preserve the exact title, author, publication context, language, award or comparison requested by the stem. Similar periods, genres or national traditions do not make two book–author pairs interchangeable. Option D gives India's Ancient Past — R. Sharma and satisfies the wording of the question. The remaining choices—A History of South India — Munshi Premchand, Godan — Bhagat Singh and Why I Am an Atheist — K.