Who is recognized as the first person to win two Nobel Prizes?

Correct answer: Option D (Marie Curie). She received the 1903 Physics prize, shared with her husband Pierre and with Henri Becquerel, and then the 1911 Chemistry prize on her own for discovering two new elements and isolating pure radium. No one had collected two Nobel Prizes before her, which is why she is called the first. Why the other options are wrong: Option A (Albert Einstein): He won a single prize, the Physics award of 1921, given for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Option B (Linus Pauling): The American chemist did win twice, Chemistry in 1954 and Peace in 1962, but that came half a century after Curie's double. Option C (Pierre Curie): He shared only the 1903 Physics prize and died in a street accident in 1906, so a second award was impossible. Remember: Curie doubled up in 1903 and 1911, in two different sciences.