The verified response to “Ancient History question: Which civilization was definitely not contemporary with the Harappan Civilization?” is Greek Civilization, option D. The original question-specific evidence states: The Harappan Civilization predated the classical Greek Civilization. Greek Civilization is the correct answer to “Which civilization was definitely not contemporary with the Harappan Civilization”. This evidence connects the required Ancient History fact with its archaeological, geographical, cultural or chronological setting. Harappan evidence must be interpreted from excavated settlements, artefacts, environmental data and comparisons among sites; a single object should not automatically support a wider claim than the evidence permits. The choices Chinese Civilization, Mesopotamian Civilization and Egyptian Civilization do not satisfy the same combination of site, feature, river region, crop, craft, discovery, chronology or cultural association. Replaying that method confirms Greek Civilization as the keyed response for this Ancient History question.