SSC CGL
MediumQ. No. insulin-deficiency-in-the-body-causes
Insulin deficiency in the body causes
Last Updated:
AGoitre
BDwarfism
CDiabetes mellitus
DAnaemia
Correct Answer: Diabetes mellitusYour Answer: C
✅ Correct Answer: C — Diabetes mellitus
Insulin deficiency (or insulin resistance) leads to Diabetes mellitus — a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistently high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Without sufficient insulin, glucose cannot enter cells for energy, so it accumulates in the blood. Excess blood glucose spills into urine (glucosuria), causing frequent urination (polyuria), excessive thirst (polydipsia), and excessive hunger (polyphagia). There are two main types: Type 1 (autoimmune destruction of beta cells — insulin-dependent) and Type 2 (insulin resistance — lifestyle-related, most common).
❌ Why other options are wrong:
• A. Chickenpox — Chickenpox (varicella) is caused by the Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV). It is a contagious infectious disease causing itchy blisters. It has absolutely NO relation to insulin deficiency.
• B. Dwarfism — Dwarfism is caused by deficiency of Growth Hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland during childhood. It results in below-average stature. It is NOT related to insulin.
• D. Anaemia — Anaemia is caused by iron deficiency (most common), or Vitamin B12/folate deficiency. It results in reduced RBC count or haemoglobin. It is NOT caused by insulin deficiency.
📝 Important Note: Hormone deficiency diseases — Insulin: Diabetes mellitus; Growth Hormone (GH): Dwarfism (children); Thyroxine: Cretinism (children), Myxoedema (adults); ADH: Diabetes insipidus. Normal fasting blood glucose: 70-100 mg/dL. Glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose diabetes. Glucagon (from alpha cells of pancreas) raises blood sugar. Important SSC CGL Biology topic.
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