SSC CGL
MediumQ. No. which-hormone-is-known-as-the-stress-hormone
Which hormone is known as the stress hormone?
Last Updated:
AInsulin
BThyroxine
CCortisol
DMelatonin
Correct Answer: CortisolYour Answer: C
✅ Correct Answer: C — Cortisol
Cortisol is a glucocorticoid steroid hormone produced and secreted by the adrenal cortex (outer layer of the adrenal gland, located on top of each kidney). It is called the "stress hormone" because its levels rise in response to physical or psychological stress. Cortisol plays multiple vital roles: it increases blood glucose levels (by stimulating gluconeogenesis in the liver), suppresses the immune system, aids in fat and protein metabolism, reduces inflammation, and helps regulate blood pressure. During the "fight or flight" response triggered by stress, cortisol (along with adrenaline) prepares the body to handle danger.
❌ Why other options are wrong:
• A. Insulin — Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells. It is NOT the stress hormone.
• B. Thyroxine — Thyroxine (T4) is secreted by the thyroid gland. It regulates basal metabolic rate (BMR), growth, and development. It is NOT specifically the stress hormone.
• D. Melatonin — Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland. It regulates the sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm) and is often called the "sleep hormone." It is NOT the stress hormone.
📝 Important Note: Hormone source chart — Cortisol: Adrenal cortex (stress hormone); Adrenaline (epinephrine): Adrenal medulla (fight or flight); Insulin: Pancreas (lowers blood sugar); Melatonin: Pineal gland (sleep); Thyroxine: Thyroid (metabolism). Cushing's syndrome = excess cortisol; Addison's disease = cortisol deficiency. Must know for SSC CGL Biology section.
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