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hardQ. No. 18166-consider-the-following-two-modern-history-questions-1-who-popularised-the-term-harijan-for

Consider the following two Modern History questions: (1) Who popularised the term 'Harijan' for formerly untouchable communities in twentieth-century Indian public discourse? (2) The Indian National Army's women's regiment was named after which historical figure? Which option gives the correct answers in the same order?

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This advanced paired MCQ combines two separately verified Modern History facts. The first component resolves to Mahatma Gandhi, while the second resolves to Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi. Candidates must preserve the order stated in the stem and reject distractors that contain only one correct element. The item is useful for 2027 competitive preparation because it tests simultaneous recall, chronological separation and close reading.

AJyotiba Phule | Begum Hazrat Mahal
BMahatma Gandhi | Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi
CMahatma Gandhi | Begum Hazrat Mahal
DJyotiba Phule | Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi
Correct Answer: Mahatma Gandhi | Rani Lakshmibai of JhansiYour Answer: B

Explanation

This paired question tests two independent historical relationships and requires both to be correct in the stated order. Mahatma Gandhi popularised the term 'Harijan' in the 1930s, although the word had an older devotional history and was not literally invented by him. The term is now widely regarded as patronising and official usage generally prefers Scheduled Castes or community-specific names. The wording of “Who popularised the term 'Harijan' for formerly untouchable communities in twentieth-century Indian public discourse?” makes Mahatma Gandhi decisive because the stem combines a particular date, place and political consequence rather than asking for a loose association. This development forms part of the changing national movement, in which constitutional negotiation, mass For statement two, the supported answer is Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi. The women's regiment of the INA (Indian National Army) was named the 'Rani of Jhansi Regiment' after Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi the heroic queen who died fighting the British in 1858. Captain Lakshmi Sahgal commanded this regiment. The regiment was a milestone in the history of Indian women's participation in the freedom struggle. Chronology resolves the item: Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi occupies the position required by “The Indian National Army's women's regiment was named after which historical figure?”, while a merely famous contemporary name would not satisfy every part of the stem. This development forms Therefore the correct ordered pair is Mahatma Gandhi followed by Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi. An option containing only one correct component must be rejected because the stem asks for a complete two-part match.

Important Notes

  • The first verified component is Mahatma Gandhi.
  • The second verified component is Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi.
  • The ordered answer is Mahatma Gandhi followed by Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi.
  • Any pair omitting Mahatma Gandhi or Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi is incomplete.
  • Revise Mahatma Gandhi and Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi from both cited references.

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Modern History FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

What does Modern Indian History cover in competitive exams?

Modern Indian History (1757-1947) covers the arrival of European powers, British East India Company rule, 1857 Revolt, colonial policies, social reform movements, and the Independence movement. Key topics for UPSC, SSC CGL, and Railway exams include British expansion, Revenue policies (Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari), and major freedom struggles.

What was the 1857 Revolt and why is it historically significant?

The 1857 Revolt (also called the First War of Independence or Sepoy Mutiny) was a major rebellion against British rule. Immediate cause: greased cartridges for Enfield rifles offended Hindu and Muslim soldiers. Key centers: Meerut, Delhi (Bahadur Shah Zafar), Lucknow (Begum Hazrat Mahal), Jhansi (Rani Lakshmibai). The British Crown directly took control from the East India Company after it was suppressed.

What were the major economic policies of the British that affected India?

Major British economic policies: Permanent Settlement (1793) by Cornwallis fixed zamindars as land revenue collectors. Ryotwari System collected revenue directly from farmers in Tamil Nadu and Bombay. Drain of Wealth theory by Dadabhai Naoroji described India's wealth being drained to Britain. Deindustrialization destroyed Indian textile and handicraft industries.

What were the major social reform movements of 19th century India?

Major social reform movements: Brahmo Samaj (1828) by Raja Ram Mohan Roy - opposed sati, supported widow remarriage and women's education. Arya Samaj (1875) by Swami Dayanand Saraswati - Back to Vedas. Ramakrishna Mission by Swami Vivekananda - service to humanity is worship of God. Social reforms include abolition of Sati (1829) and Hindu Widows Remarriage Act (1856).

What was the role of Mahatma Gandhi in India's freedom struggle?

Mahatma Gandhi transformed India's freedom movement by introducing non-violent civil disobedience (Satyagraha). Key campaigns: Champaran Satyagraha (1917, first in India), Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22), Civil Disobedience/Dandi March (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942 - Do or Die). Gandhi united millions across caste, religion, and region. He is called the Father of the Nation.

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