Indian History

hardQ. No. 18173-consider-the-following-two-modern-history-questions-1-which-indian-prime-minister-declared-the

Consider the following two Modern History questions: (1) Which Indian Prime Minister declared the Emergency in 1975? (2) The Haripura session of the INC (1938) presided by Subhas Chandra Bose passed resolutions on which topic? Which option gives the correct answers in the same order?

Last Updated: 31 Aug 2026

This advanced paired MCQ combines two separately verified Modern History facts. The first component resolves to Indira Gandhi, while the second resolves to Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state. Candidates must preserve the order stated in the stem and reject distractors that contain only one correct element. The item is useful for 2027 competitive preparation because it tests simultaneous recall, chronological separation and close reading.

AIndira Gandhi | Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state

BIndira Gandhi | Non-cooperation with British

CJawaharlal Nehru | Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state

DJawaharlal Nehru | Non-cooperation with British

Correct Answer: Indira Gandhi | Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare stateYour Answer: A

Explanation

This paired question tests two independent historical relationships and requires both to be correct in the stated order. On that evidence, the supported choice is Indira Gandhi. The revised item avoids claiming more than the source establishes and distinguishes participation, leadership, foundation, ratification and later reorganisation where those roles differ. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi advised President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed to proclaim the Emergency on June 25, 1975, citing internal disturbance. It was partly triggered by the Allahabad High Court's verdict (June 12, 1975) setting aside her election to Lok Sabha on grounds of electoral malpractice. Here Indira Gandhi fits the complete historical coordinates supplied by “Which Indian Prime Minister declared the Emergency in For statement two, the supported answer is Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state. The Haripura session of the INC in 1938 under Subhas Chandra Bose passed important resolutions on economic planning including the establishment of a National Planning Committee. The Committee was chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru and laid the groundwork for post-independence planning. This was Bose's first INC presidentship. The wording of “The Haripura session of the INC (1938) presided by Subhas Chandra Bose passed resolutions on which topic?” makes Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state decisive because the stem combines a particular date, place and political consequence rather than asking for a loose association. This development Therefore the correct ordered pair is Indira Gandhi followed by Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state. An option containing only one correct component must be rejected because the stem asks for a complete two-part match. This format strengthens chronology, role discrimination and careful option comparison rather than rewarding recognition of a single familiar name.

Important Notes

The first verified component is Indira Gandhi.
The second verified component is Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state.
The ordered answer is Indira Gandhi followed by Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state.
Any pair omitting Indira Gandhi or Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state is incomplete.
Revise Indira Gandhi and Planning industrial development and comprehensive welfare state from both cited references.

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FAQ

Modern History FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

What does Modern Indian History cover in competitive exams?

Modern Indian History (1757-1947) covers the arrival of European powers, British East India Company rule, 1857 Revolt, colonial policies, social reform movements, and the Independence movement. Key topics for UPSC, SSC CGL, and Railway exams include British expansion, Revenue policies (Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari), and major freedom struggles.

What was the 1857 Revolt and why is it historically significant?

The 1857 Revolt (also called the First War of Independence or Sepoy Mutiny) was a major rebellion against British rule. Immediate cause: greased cartridges for Enfield rifles offended Hindu and Muslim soldiers. Key centers: Meerut, Delhi (Bahadur Shah Zafar), Lucknow (Begum Hazrat Mahal), Jhansi (Rani Lakshmibai). The British Crown directly took control from the East India Company after it was suppressed.

What were the major economic policies of the British that affected India?

Major British economic policies: Permanent Settlement (1793) by Cornwallis fixed zamindars as land revenue collectors. Ryotwari System collected revenue directly from farmers in Tamil Nadu and Bombay. Drain of Wealth theory by Dadabhai Naoroji described India's wealth being drained to Britain. Deindustrialization destroyed Indian textile and handicraft industries.

What were the major social reform movements of 19th century India?

Major social reform movements: Brahmo Samaj (1828) by Raja Ram Mohan Roy - opposed sati, supported widow remarriage and women's education. Arya Samaj (1875) by Swami Dayanand Saraswati - Back to Vedas. Ramakrishna Mission by Swami Vivekananda - service to humanity is worship of God. Social reforms include abolition of Sati (1829) and Hindu Widows Remarriage Act (1856).

What was the role of Mahatma Gandhi in India's freedom struggle?

Mahatma Gandhi transformed India's freedom movement by introducing non-violent civil disobedience (Satyagraha). Key campaigns: Champaran Satyagraha (1917, first in India), Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22), Civil Disobedience/Dandi March (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942 - Do or Die). Gandhi united millions across caste, religion, and region. He is called the Father of the Nation.

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