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Quantitative Aptitude
hardQ. No. 4316-a-trader-says-he-is-giving-250-g-of-wheat-but-the-actual-weight-is-only-50-g-what-is-his-gain

A trader says he is giving 250 g of wheat, but the actual weight is only 50 g. What is his gain percentage?

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This Profit and Loss question develops correct identification of cost price, selling price, marked price, discount and the relevant percentage base in “A trader says he is giving 250 g of wheat, but the actual weight is only 50 g. What is his gain percentage?”. The worked explanation retains the original numerical relationship, verifies 408%, and distinguishes common traps such as reversing CP and SP, adding successive rates or confusing discount with loss.

A395%
B405%
C400%
D408%
Correct Answer: 408%Your Answer: D

Explanation

After comparing cost and selling values, the result is 408%. Use actual quantity delivered and money received to form effective cost and selling values before finding profit percent. The question-specific working supplied in the record is: Gain% = ((Claimed weight − Actual weight) / Actual weight) × 100 = ((250 − 50) / 50) × 100 = 400%. Profit and loss questions become unreliable when a percentage is applied to the wrong base. The distractors 395%, 405%, 400% can result from interchanging cost price and selling price, treating discount as loss, adding successive rates, ignoring quantity, or rounding before the final step. A dependable check is to assume cost price 100 whenever only percentages are involved, reconstruct the selling value, and compare the resulting ratio with the selected option. This method preserves the numerical relationships in the stem and develops formula selection, percentage-base recognition and option elimination for SSC, Railway, Banking and other competitive aptitude examinations.

Important Notes

  • Correct answer: 408%; option D, zero-based index
  • Applicable method: Use actual quantity delivered and money received to form effective cost and selling values before finding profit percent.
  • Question-specific working: Gain% = ((Claimed weight − Actual weight) / Actual weight) × 100 = ((250 −
  • Profit/loss percentage uses cost price; discount percentage uses marked price.

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FAQ

Profit and Loss FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

Which method applies to this question?

Use actual quantity delivered and money received to form effective cost and selling values before finding profit percent.

What is the verified answer?

408%, option D.

Which percentage base is most important?

Profit or loss percent is based on cost price, while discount is based on marked price.

How can the answer be checked?

Reverse the percentage relation or assume a base of 100 and reconstruct the final value.

What is Profit and Loss in mathematics and what are the basic terms?

Profit and Loss is a key Quantitative Aptitude topic in SSC CGL, IBPS Bank PO, SBI PO, CAT, and Railway exams. Basic terms: Cost Price (CP) - price at which an item is purchased. Selling Price (SP) - price at which it is sold. Profit = SP - CP (when SP > CP). Loss = CP - SP (when CP > SP). Profit% = (Profit/CP) x 100. Loss% = (Loss/CP) x 100.

What is the difference between Marked Price, Selling Price, and Discount?

Marked Price (MP) is the price printed on the item before discount. Discount = MP - SP. Discount% = (Discount/MP) x 100. SP = MP x (100-Discount%)/100. If a shopkeeper marks up by 40% and gives 20% discount: SP = CP x 1.40 x 0.80 = 1.12CP = 12% profit. Profit% and Loss% are always calculated on Cost Price unless specified otherwise.

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A trader says he is giving... | Profit and Loss MCQ | Exambodh