Correct Answer: Option C — Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve. Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve is correct because it is coral reefs, seagrass beds and mangroves are important ecosystems. Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve is also specifically associated with the dugong is an important conservation association. Two additional identifying facts are that Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve is coral reefs, seagrass beds and mangroves are important ecosystems and Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve is associated with the dugong is an important conservation association. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Sundarban Biosphere Reserve: Sundarban Biosphere Reserve is tidal creeks, mudflats and mangrove islands dominate the landscape. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is cyclones and salinity are major ecological pressures. • Option B — Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve: Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve is Satpura National Park, Bori Sanctuary and Pachmarhi Sanctuary are associated protected areas. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is forest and plateau habitats support central Indian biodiversity. • Option D — Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve is montane shola-grassland and tropical forest habitats occur within it. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is it was India's first designated biosphere reserve. Exam Takeaway: Connect Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve with “coral reefs, seagrass beds and mangroves are important ecosystems” and “the dugong is an important conservation association”.
