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hardQ. No. 18148-consider-the-following-two-modern-history-questions-1-indira-gandhi-was-assassinated-on-31-october

Consider the following two Modern History questions: (1) Indira Gandhi was assassinated on 31 October 1984 by whom? (2) Which public figure, popularly called 'Sarvajanik Kaka', was among the principal founders of the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha? Which option gives the correct answers in the same order?

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This advanced paired MCQ combines two separately verified Modern History facts. The first component resolves to Her own Sikh bodyguards, while the second resolves to Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi. Candidates must preserve the order stated in the stem and reject distractors that contain only one correct element.

AHer own Sikh bodyguards | M. G. Ranade
BA lone gunman | Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi
CA lone gunman | M. G. Ranade
DHer own Sikh bodyguards | Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi
Correct Answer: Her own Sikh bodyguards | Ganesh Vasudeo JoshiYour Answer: D

Explanation

This paired question tests two independent historical relationships and requires both to be correct in the stated order. After the assassination massive anti-Sikh riots broke out in Delhi and other cities killing thousands of Sikhs. Reading the stem closely separates Her own Sikh bodyguards from other names in the period: the question tests one defined act, location or institutional decision, not overall prominence. This development forms part of the changing national movement, in which constitutional negotiation, mass mobilisation, boycott, civil disobedience and revolutionary action followed different strategies; Exact dates and organisational decisions matter because related sessions or phases often performed different functions, a distinction applied here to Her own Sikh bodyguards. Neither Pakistani For statement two, the supported answer is Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi. Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi, known as Sarvajanik Kaka, was a principal founder and leading organiser of the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha. Ranade was an important associated leader, but naming him as the sole founder is imprecise. The wording of “Which public figure, popularly called 'Sarvajanik Kaka', was among the principal founders of the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha?” makes Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi decisive because the stem combines a particular date, place and political consequence rather than asking for a loose association. This development forms part of the changing national movement, in which constitutional negotiation, mass mobilisation, boycott, Therefore the correct ordered pair is Her own Sikh bodyguards followed by Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi. An option containing only one correct component must be rejected because the stem asks for a complete two-part match.

Important Notes

  • The first verified component is Her own Sikh bodyguards.
  • The second verified component is Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi.
  • The ordered answer is Her own Sikh bodyguards followed by Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi.
  • Any pair omitting Her own Sikh bodyguards or Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi is incomplete.
  • Revise Her own Sikh bodyguards and Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi from both cited references.

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Modern History FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

What does Modern Indian History cover in competitive exams?

Modern Indian History (1757-1947) covers the arrival of European powers, British East India Company rule, 1857 Revolt, colonial policies, social reform movements, and the Independence movement. Key topics for UPSC, SSC CGL, and Railway exams include British expansion, Revenue policies (Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari), and major freedom struggles.

What was the 1857 Revolt and why is it historically significant?

The 1857 Revolt (also called the First War of Independence or Sepoy Mutiny) was a major rebellion against British rule. Immediate cause: greased cartridges for Enfield rifles offended Hindu and Muslim soldiers. Key centers: Meerut, Delhi (Bahadur Shah Zafar), Lucknow (Begum Hazrat Mahal), Jhansi (Rani Lakshmibai). The British Crown directly took control from the East India Company after it was suppressed.

What were the major economic policies of the British that affected India?

Major British economic policies: Permanent Settlement (1793) by Cornwallis fixed zamindars as land revenue collectors. Ryotwari System collected revenue directly from farmers in Tamil Nadu and Bombay. Drain of Wealth theory by Dadabhai Naoroji described India's wealth being drained to Britain. Deindustrialization destroyed Indian textile and handicraft industries.

What were the major social reform movements of 19th century India?

Major social reform movements: Brahmo Samaj (1828) by Raja Ram Mohan Roy - opposed sati, supported widow remarriage and women's education. Arya Samaj (1875) by Swami Dayanand Saraswati - Back to Vedas. Ramakrishna Mission by Swami Vivekananda - service to humanity is worship of God. Social reforms include abolition of Sati (1829) and Hindu Widows Remarriage Act (1856).

What was the role of Mahatma Gandhi in India's freedom struggle?

Mahatma Gandhi transformed India's freedom movement by introducing non-violent civil disobedience (Satyagraha). Key campaigns: Champaran Satyagraha (1917, first in India), Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22), Civil Disobedience/Dandi March (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942 - Do or Die). Gandhi united millions across caste, religion, and region. He is called the Father of the Nation.

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