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hardQ. No. 18150-consider-the-following-two-modern-history-questions-1-lord-ripon-who-was-a-liberal-viceroy-of

Consider the following two Modern History questions: (1) Lord Ripon who was a liberal Viceroy of India (1880-84) is remembered for which major achievement related to local self-government? (2) The Hunter Commission of 1919-20 was set up to investigate which event? Which option gives the correct answers in the same order?

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This advanced paired MCQ combines two separately verified Modern History facts. The first component resolves to Resolution on Local Self-Government 1882, while the second resolves to Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. Candidates must preserve the order stated in the stem and reject distractors that contain only one correct element. The item is useful for 2027 competitive preparation because it tests simultaneous recall, chronological separation and close reading.

AAbolishing Vernacular Press Act | Simon Commission protests
BResolution on Local Self-Government 1882 | Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
CResolution on Local Self-Government 1882 | Simon Commission protests
DAbolishing Vernacular Press Act | Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Correct Answer: Resolution on Local Self-Government 1882 | Jallianwala Bagh MassacreYour Answer: B

Explanation

This paired question tests two independent historical relationships and requires both to be correct in the stated order. Lord Ripon passed the Resolution on Local Self-Government in 1882 which expanded local government in India. He also repealed the Vernacular Press Act (1882) and introduced the Ilbert Bill (1883) though it was watered down due to European opposition. He is remembered as one of the most pro-Indian British Viceroys. The wording of “Lord Ripon who was a liberal Viceroy of India (1880-84) is remembered for which major achievement related to local self-government?” makes Resolution on Local Self-Government 1882 decisive because the stem combines a particular date, place and political consequence rather than asking for For statement two, the supported answer is Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. The Hunter Commission (Disorders Inquiry Committee) was set up in 1919 under Lord William Hunter to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the events leading to it. The Commission found that General Dyer's action was 'an error in judgment' and he was forced to resign from the army. The answer turns on the exact role assigned in “The Hunter Commission of 1919-20 was set up to investigate which event?”. Evidence connecting Jallianwala Bagh Massacre to that role is stronger than a general connection with the same war or movement. This development forms part of the Therefore the correct ordered pair is Resolution on Local Self-Government 1882 followed by Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. An option containing only one correct component must be rejected because the stem asks for a complete two-part match.

Important Notes

  • The first verified component is Resolution on Local Self-Government 1882.
  • The second verified component is Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
  • The ordered answer is Resolution on Local Self-Government 1882 followed by Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
  • Any pair omitting Resolution on Local Self-Government 1882 or Jallianwala Bagh Massacre is incomplete.
  • Revise Resolution on Local Self-Government 1882 and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre from both cited references.

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Modern History FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

What does Modern Indian History cover in competitive exams?

Modern Indian History (1757-1947) covers the arrival of European powers, British East India Company rule, 1857 Revolt, colonial policies, social reform movements, and the Independence movement. Key topics for UPSC, SSC CGL, and Railway exams include British expansion, Revenue policies (Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari), and major freedom struggles.

What was the 1857 Revolt and why is it historically significant?

The 1857 Revolt (also called the First War of Independence or Sepoy Mutiny) was a major rebellion against British rule. Immediate cause: greased cartridges for Enfield rifles offended Hindu and Muslim soldiers. Key centers: Meerut, Delhi (Bahadur Shah Zafar), Lucknow (Begum Hazrat Mahal), Jhansi (Rani Lakshmibai). The British Crown directly took control from the East India Company after it was suppressed.

What were the major economic policies of the British that affected India?

Major British economic policies: Permanent Settlement (1793) by Cornwallis fixed zamindars as land revenue collectors. Ryotwari System collected revenue directly from farmers in Tamil Nadu and Bombay. Drain of Wealth theory by Dadabhai Naoroji described India's wealth being drained to Britain. Deindustrialization destroyed Indian textile and handicraft industries.

What were the major social reform movements of 19th century India?

Major social reform movements: Brahmo Samaj (1828) by Raja Ram Mohan Roy - opposed sati, supported widow remarriage and women's education. Arya Samaj (1875) by Swami Dayanand Saraswati - Back to Vedas. Ramakrishna Mission by Swami Vivekananda - service to humanity is worship of God. Social reforms include abolition of Sati (1829) and Hindu Widows Remarriage Act (1856).

What was the role of Mahatma Gandhi in India's freedom struggle?

Mahatma Gandhi transformed India's freedom movement by introducing non-violent civil disobedience (Satyagraha). Key campaigns: Champaran Satyagraha (1917, first in India), Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22), Civil Disobedience/Dandi March (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942 - Do or Die). Gandhi united millions across caste, religion, and region. He is called the Father of the Nation.

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