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hardQ. No. 18195-consider-the-following-two-modern-history-questions-1-the-brahmo-samaj-founded-by-ram-mohan-roy-in

Consider the following two Modern History questions: (1) The Brahmo Samaj founded by Ram Mohan Roy in 1828 was reformed and given new direction by which leader in the 1860s? (2) The last major British Governor-General/Viceroy before Mountbatten who held office from 1943-47 was? Which option gives the correct answers in the same order?

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This advanced paired MCQ combines two separately verified Modern History facts. The first component resolves to Keshab Chandra Sen, while the second resolves to Lord Wavell. Candidates must preserve the order stated in the stem and reject distractors that contain only one correct element. The item is useful for 2027 competitive preparation because it tests simultaneous recall, chronological separation and close reading.

ADayananda Saraswati | Lord Wavell
BDayananda Saraswati | Lord Chelmsford
CKeshab Chandra Sen | Lord Wavell
DKeshab Chandra Sen | Lord Chelmsford
Correct Answer: Keshab Chandra Sen | Lord WavellYour Answer: C

Explanation

This paired question tests two independent historical relationships and requires both to be correct in the stated order. However his views became controversial leading to a split with Debendranath Tagore (Rabindranath's father) who led the Adi Brahmo Samaj. The answer turns on the exact role assigned in “The Brahmo Samaj founded by Ram Mohan Roy in 1828 was reformed and given new direction by which leader in the 1860s?”. Evidence connecting Keshab Chandra Sen to that role is stronger than a general connection with the same war or movement. This development forms part of the changing national movement, in which constitutional negotiation, mass mobilisation, boycott, civil disobedience and revolutionary action followed different strategies; For statement two, the supported answer is Lord Wavell. Lord Archibald Wavell served as Viceroy of India from 1943 to 1947 when he was replaced by Lord Mountbatten. He oversaw the Bengal Famine of 1943 organized the Shimla Conference of 1945 announced the elections and tried to negotiate between Congress and Muslim League. Mountbatten replaced him in February 1947. Reading the stem closely separates Lord Wavell from other names in the period: the question tests one defined act, location or institutional decision, not overall prominence. This development forms part of the changing national movement, in which constitutional negotiation, mass mobilisation, boycott, civil disobedience and Therefore the correct ordered pair is Keshab Chandra Sen followed by Lord Wavell. An option containing only one correct component must be rejected because the stem asks for a complete two-part match. This format strengthens chronology, role discrimination and careful option comparison rather than rewarding recognition of a single familiar name.

Important Notes

  • The first verified component is Keshab Chandra Sen.
  • The second verified component is Lord Wavell.
  • The ordered answer is Keshab Chandra Sen followed by Lord Wavell.
  • Any pair omitting Keshab Chandra Sen or Lord Wavell is incomplete.
  • Revise Keshab Chandra Sen and Lord Wavell from both cited references.

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Modern History FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

What does Modern Indian History cover in competitive exams?

Modern Indian History (1757-1947) covers the arrival of European powers, British East India Company rule, 1857 Revolt, colonial policies, social reform movements, and the Independence movement. Key topics for UPSC, SSC CGL, and Railway exams include British expansion, Revenue policies (Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari), and major freedom struggles.

What was the 1857 Revolt and why is it historically significant?

The 1857 Revolt (also called the First War of Independence or Sepoy Mutiny) was a major rebellion against British rule. Immediate cause: greased cartridges for Enfield rifles offended Hindu and Muslim soldiers. Key centers: Meerut, Delhi (Bahadur Shah Zafar), Lucknow (Begum Hazrat Mahal), Jhansi (Rani Lakshmibai). The British Crown directly took control from the East India Company after it was suppressed.

What were the major economic policies of the British that affected India?

Major British economic policies: Permanent Settlement (1793) by Cornwallis fixed zamindars as land revenue collectors. Ryotwari System collected revenue directly from farmers in Tamil Nadu and Bombay. Drain of Wealth theory by Dadabhai Naoroji described India's wealth being drained to Britain. Deindustrialization destroyed Indian textile and handicraft industries.

What were the major social reform movements of 19th century India?

Major social reform movements: Brahmo Samaj (1828) by Raja Ram Mohan Roy - opposed sati, supported widow remarriage and women's education. Arya Samaj (1875) by Swami Dayanand Saraswati - Back to Vedas. Ramakrishna Mission by Swami Vivekananda - service to humanity is worship of God. Social reforms include abolition of Sati (1829) and Hindu Widows Remarriage Act (1856).

What was the role of Mahatma Gandhi in India's freedom struggle?

Mahatma Gandhi transformed India's freedom movement by introducing non-violent civil disobedience (Satyagraha). Key campaigns: Champaran Satyagraha (1917, first in India), Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22), Civil Disobedience/Dandi March (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942 - Do or Die). Gandhi united millions across caste, religion, and region. He is called the Father of the Nation.

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