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hardQ. No. 18196-consider-the-following-two-modern-history-questions-1-m-g-ranade-a-major-leader-associated-with

Consider the following two Modern History questions: (1) M. G. Ranade, a major leader associated with the Prarthana Samaj, was also noted for scholarship in which field? (2) August Declaration of 1917 (Montagu Declaration) announced what significant change in British policy towards India? Which option gives the correct answers in the same order?

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This advanced paired MCQ combines two separately verified Modern History facts. The first component resolves to Indian economic history and critique of British economic policies, while the second resolves to Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status. Candidates must preserve the order stated in the stem and reject distractors that contain only one correct element. The item is useful for 2027 competitive preparation because it tests simultaneous recall, chronological separation and close reading.

AIndian economic history and critique of British economic policies | Partition of India
BReligious literature | Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status
CReligious literature | Partition of India
DIndian economic history and critique of British economic policies | Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status
Correct Answer: Indian economic history and critique of British economic policies | Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion StatusYour Answer: D

Explanation

This paired question tests two independent historical relationships and requires both to be correct in the stated order. Ranade became an influential Prarthana Samaj leader but did not found the organisation; Atmaram Pandurang founded it in 1867. Ranade also wrote on Indian economic history and criticised aspects of colonial economic policy. Here Indian economic history and critique of British economic policies fits the complete historical coordinates supplied by “M. Ranade, a major leader associated with the Prarthana Samaj, was also noted for scholarship in which field?”—the relevant actor, moment and outcome must all agree. This development forms part of the changing national movement, in which constitutional negotiation, mass mobilisation, boycott, civil disobedience For statement two, the supported answer is Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status. The August Declaration (Montagu Declaration) of 20 August 1917 by Secretary of State Edwin Montagu announced that the policy of British Government was the increasing association of Indians in every branch of the administration and the gradual development of self-governing institutions with a view to the progressive realization of responsible government in India as an integral part of the British Empire. Here Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status fits the complete historical coordinates supplied by “August Declaration of 1917 (Montagu Declaration) announced what significant change in British policy towards India?”—the relevant actor, Therefore the correct ordered pair is Indian economic history and critique of British economic policies followed by Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status. An option containing only one correct component must be rejected because the stem asks for a complete two-part match.

Important Notes

  • The first verified component is Indian economic history and critique of British economic policies.
  • The second verified component is Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status.
  • The ordered answer is Indian economic history and critique of British economic policies followed by Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status.
  • Any pair omitting Indian economic history and critique of British economic policies or Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status is incomplete.
  • Revise Indian economic history and critique of British economic policies and Gradual development of responsible government leading to Dominion Status from both cited references.

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Modern History FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

What does Modern Indian History cover in competitive exams?

Modern Indian History (1757-1947) covers the arrival of European powers, British East India Company rule, 1857 Revolt, colonial policies, social reform movements, and the Independence movement. Key topics for UPSC, SSC CGL, and Railway exams include British expansion, Revenue policies (Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari), and major freedom struggles.

What was the 1857 Revolt and why is it historically significant?

The 1857 Revolt (also called the First War of Independence or Sepoy Mutiny) was a major rebellion against British rule. Immediate cause: greased cartridges for Enfield rifles offended Hindu and Muslim soldiers. Key centers: Meerut, Delhi (Bahadur Shah Zafar), Lucknow (Begum Hazrat Mahal), Jhansi (Rani Lakshmibai). The British Crown directly took control from the East India Company after it was suppressed.

What were the major economic policies of the British that affected India?

Major British economic policies: Permanent Settlement (1793) by Cornwallis fixed zamindars as land revenue collectors. Ryotwari System collected revenue directly from farmers in Tamil Nadu and Bombay. Drain of Wealth theory by Dadabhai Naoroji described India's wealth being drained to Britain. Deindustrialization destroyed Indian textile and handicraft industries.

What were the major social reform movements of 19th century India?

Major social reform movements: Brahmo Samaj (1828) by Raja Ram Mohan Roy - opposed sati, supported widow remarriage and women's education. Arya Samaj (1875) by Swami Dayanand Saraswati - Back to Vedas. Ramakrishna Mission by Swami Vivekananda - service to humanity is worship of God. Social reforms include abolition of Sati (1829) and Hindu Widows Remarriage Act (1856).

What was the role of Mahatma Gandhi in India's freedom struggle?

Mahatma Gandhi transformed India's freedom movement by introducing non-violent civil disobedience (Satyagraha). Key campaigns: Champaran Satyagraha (1917, first in India), Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22), Civil Disobedience/Dandi March (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942 - Do or Die). Gandhi united millions across caste, religion, and region. He is called the Father of the Nation.

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