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Indian History
hardQ. No. 18199-consider-the-following-two-modern-history-questions-1-who-was-elected-the-first-mayor-of-calcutta

Consider the following two Modern History questions: (1) Who was elected the first Mayor of Calcutta under the new municipal arrangements in 1924? (2) Vallabhbhai Patel organized which major successful peasant Satyagraha in Gujarat in 1928? Which option gives the correct answers in the same order?

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This advanced paired MCQ combines two separately verified Modern History facts. Das, while the second resolves to Bardoli Satyagraha. Candidates must preserve the order stated in the stem and reject distractors that contain only one correct element.

ASubhas Chandra Bose | Bardoli Satyagraha
BSubhas Chandra Bose | Kheda Satyagraha
CC. R. Das | Bardoli Satyagraha
DC. R. Das | Kheda Satyagraha
Correct Answer: C. R. Das | Bardoli SatyagrahaYour Answer: C

Explanation

This paired question tests two independent historical relationships and requires both to be correct in the stated order. Chittaranjan Das was elected the first Mayor of Calcutta under the 1923 municipal legislation in 1924. Subhas Chandra Bose served as the corporation's Chief Executive Officer, not its mayor; the original row confused these offices. Das from other names in the period: the question tests one defined act, location or institutional decision, not overall prominence. This development forms part of the changing national movement, in which constitutional negotiation, mass mobilisation, boycott, civil disobedience and revolutionary action followed different strategies; Exact dates and organisational decisions matter because related sessions For statement two, the supported answer is Bardoli Satyagraha. Vallabhbhai Patel organized the Bardoli Satyagraha in 1928 in Bardoli taluka of Gujarat against a 30% hike in land revenue. Reading the stem closely separates Bardoli Satyagraha from other names in the period: the question tests one defined act, location or institutional decision, not overall prominence. This development forms part of the changing national movement, in which constitutional negotiation, mass mobilisation, boycott, civil disobedience and revolutionary action followed different strategies; Exact dates and organisational decisions matter because related sessions or phases often performed different functions, a distinction applied here to Bardoli Satyagraha. Neither Champaran Satyagraha Therefore the correct ordered pair is C. Das followed by Bardoli Satyagraha. An option containing only one correct component must be rejected because the stem asks for a complete two-part match.

Important Notes

  • The first verified component is C. R. Das.
  • The second verified component is Bardoli Satyagraha.
  • The ordered answer is C. R. Das followed by Bardoli Satyagraha.
  • Any pair omitting C. R. Das or Bardoli Satyagraha is incomplete.
  • Revise C. R. Das and Bardoli Satyagraha from both cited references.

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Modern History FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

What does Modern Indian History cover in competitive exams?

Modern Indian History (1757-1947) covers the arrival of European powers, British East India Company rule, 1857 Revolt, colonial policies, social reform movements, and the Independence movement. Key topics for UPSC, SSC CGL, and Railway exams include British expansion, Revenue policies (Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari), and major freedom struggles.

What was the 1857 Revolt and why is it historically significant?

The 1857 Revolt (also called the First War of Independence or Sepoy Mutiny) was a major rebellion against British rule. Immediate cause: greased cartridges for Enfield rifles offended Hindu and Muslim soldiers. Key centers: Meerut, Delhi (Bahadur Shah Zafar), Lucknow (Begum Hazrat Mahal), Jhansi (Rani Lakshmibai). The British Crown directly took control from the East India Company after it was suppressed.

What were the major economic policies of the British that affected India?

Major British economic policies: Permanent Settlement (1793) by Cornwallis fixed zamindars as land revenue collectors. Ryotwari System collected revenue directly from farmers in Tamil Nadu and Bombay. Drain of Wealth theory by Dadabhai Naoroji described India's wealth being drained to Britain. Deindustrialization destroyed Indian textile and handicraft industries.

What were the major social reform movements of 19th century India?

Major social reform movements: Brahmo Samaj (1828) by Raja Ram Mohan Roy - opposed sati, supported widow remarriage and women's education. Arya Samaj (1875) by Swami Dayanand Saraswati - Back to Vedas. Ramakrishna Mission by Swami Vivekananda - service to humanity is worship of God. Social reforms include abolition of Sati (1829) and Hindu Widows Remarriage Act (1856).

What was the role of Mahatma Gandhi in India's freedom struggle?

Mahatma Gandhi transformed India's freedom movement by introducing non-violent civil disobedience (Satyagraha). Key campaigns: Champaran Satyagraha (1917, first in India), Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22), Civil Disobedience/Dandi March (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942 - Do or Die). Gandhi united millions across caste, religion, and region. He is called the Father of the Nation.

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