In Environment and Ecology, which term combines the facts “a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss” and “parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India”?

Correct Answer: Option C — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Wetland: Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. • Option B — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. • Option D — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is energy flows while nutrients cycle through the system. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a functional unit of organisms and their physical environment. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India” and “a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss”.