Environment and Ecology Questions and Answers – Page 3

Correct Answer: Option D — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Wetland: Wetland is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. • Option B — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is monitoring helps compare actual outcomes with commitments. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. • Option C — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is a pond, forest or grassland can be studied as an ecosystem. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a functional unit of organisms and their physical environment. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “a hotspot is not simply any place with many species” and “a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss”.

Correct Answer: Option C — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Wetland: Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. • Option B — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. • Option D — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is energy flows while nutrients cycle through the system. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a pond, forest or grassland can be studied as an ecosystem. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India” and “a hotspot is not simply any place with many species”.

Correct Answer: Option B — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Wetland: Wetland is marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. • Option C — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. • Option D — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is biotic and abiotic components interact within it. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions” and “parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India”.

Correct Answer: Option A — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Wetland: Wetland is land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. • Option C — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. • Option D — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is a functional unit of organisms and their physical environment. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is biotic and abiotic components interact within it. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss” and “the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions”.

Correct Answer: Option D — Food Chain. Food Chain is correct because it is interconnected food chains form a food web. Food Chain is also specifically associated with producers form the base of most grazing food chains. Two additional identifying facts are that Food Chain is consumers occupy successive trophic levels and Food Chain is associated with interconnected food chains form a food web. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Biodiversity Hotspot: Biodiversity Hotspot is a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. • Option B — Wetland: Wetland is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. • Option C — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is monitoring helps compare actual outcomes with commitments. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. Exam Takeaway: Connect Food Chain with “interconnected food chains form a food web” and “producers form the base of most grazing food chains”.

Correct Answer: Option C — Food Chain. Food Chain is correct because it is consumers occupy successive trophic levels. Food Chain is also specifically associated with a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy. Two additional identifying facts are that Food Chain is consumers occupy successive trophic levels and Food Chain is associated with interconnected food chains form a food web. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Biodiversity Hotspot: Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India. • Option B — Wetland: Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. • Option D — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. Exam Takeaway: Connect Food Chain with “consumers occupy successive trophic levels” and “a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy”.

Correct Answer: Option B — Food Chain. Food Chain is correct because it is producers form the base of most grazing food chains. Food Chain is also specifically associated with interconnected food chains form a food web. Two additional identifying facts are that Food Chain is consumers occupy successive trophic levels and Food Chain is associated with interconnected food chains form a food web. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Biodiversity Hotspot: Biodiversity Hotspot is the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. • Option C — Wetland: Wetland is marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. • Option D — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. Exam Takeaway: Connect Food Chain with “producers form the base of most grazing food chains” and “interconnected food chains form a food web”.

Correct Answer: Option A — Food Chain. Food Chain is correct because it is a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy. Food Chain is also specifically associated with consumers occupy successive trophic levels. Two additional identifying facts are that Food Chain is consumers occupy successive trophic levels and Food Chain is associated with interconnected food chains form a food web. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Biodiversity Hotspot: Biodiversity Hotspot is a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India. • Option C — Wetland: Wetland is land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. • Option D — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. Exam Takeaway: Connect Food Chain with “a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy” and “consumers occupy successive trophic levels”.

Correct Answer: Option D — Food Chain. Food Chain is correct because it is interconnected food chains form a food web. Food Chain is also specifically associated with a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy. Two additional identifying facts are that Food Chain is consumers occupy successive trophic levels and Food Chain is associated with interconnected food chains form a food web. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Biodiversity Hotspot: Biodiversity Hotspot is a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. • Option B — Wetland: Wetland is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. • Option C — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is monitoring helps compare actual outcomes with commitments. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. Exam Takeaway: Connect Food Chain with “interconnected food chains form a food web” and “a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy”.

Correct Answer: Option C — Food Chain. Food Chain is correct because it is consumers occupy successive trophic levels. Food Chain is also specifically associated with interconnected food chains form a food web. Two additional identifying facts are that Food Chain is consumers occupy successive trophic levels and Food Chain is associated with interconnected food chains form a food web. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Biodiversity Hotspot: Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. • Option B — Wetland: Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. • Option D — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. Exam Takeaway: Connect Food Chain with “consumers occupy successive trophic levels” and “interconnected food chains form a food web”.