Environment and Ecology Questions and Answers – Page 2

Correct Answer: Option B — Wetland. Wetland is correct because it is marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. Wetland is also specifically associated with the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Two additional identifying facts are that Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity and Wetland is associated with the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. • Option C — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is biotic and abiotic components interact within it. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a pond, forest or grassland can be studied as an ecosystem. • Option D — Food Chain: Food Chain is producers form the base of most grazing food chains. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is interconnected food chains form a food web. Exam Takeaway: Connect Wetland with “marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands” and “the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework”.

Correct Answer: Option A — Wetland. Wetland is correct because it is land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods. Wetland is also specifically associated with wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. Two additional identifying facts are that Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity and Wetland is associated with the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. • Option C — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is a functional unit of organisms and their physical environment. • Option D — Food Chain: Food Chain is a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy. Exam Takeaway: Connect Wetland with “land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods” and “wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity”.

Correct Answer: Option D — Wetland. Wetland is correct because it is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Wetland is also specifically associated with land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods. Two additional identifying facts are that Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity and Wetland is associated with the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is monitoring helps compare actual outcomes with commitments. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. • Option B — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is a pond, forest or grassland can be studied as an ecosystem. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a functional unit of organisms and their physical environment. • Option C — Food Chain: Food Chain is interconnected food chains form a food web. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy. Exam Takeaway: Connect Wetland with “the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework” and “land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods”.

Correct Answer: Option C — Wetland. Wetland is correct because it is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. Wetland is also specifically associated with the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Two additional identifying facts are that Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity and Wetland is associated with the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. • Option B — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is energy flows while nutrients cycle through the system. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a pond, forest or grassland can be studied as an ecosystem. • Option D — Food Chain: Food Chain is consumers occupy successive trophic levels. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is interconnected food chains form a food web. Exam Takeaway: Connect Wetland with “wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity” and “the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework”.

Correct Answer: Option B — Wetland. Wetland is correct because it is marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. Wetland is also specifically associated with wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. Two additional identifying facts are that Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity and Wetland is associated with the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. • Option C — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is biotic and abiotic components interact within it. • Option D — Food Chain: Food Chain is producers form the base of most grazing food chains. Exam Takeaway: Connect Wetland with “marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands” and “wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity”.

Correct Answer: Option A — Wetland. Wetland is correct because it is land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods. Wetland is also specifically associated with marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. Two additional identifying facts are that Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity and Wetland is associated with the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. • Option C — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is a functional unit of organisms and their physical environment. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is biotic and abiotic components interact within it. • Option D — Food Chain: Food Chain is a linear sequence showing transfer of food energy. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is producers form the base of most grazing food chains. Exam Takeaway: Connect Wetland with “land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods” and “marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands”.

Correct Answer: Option D — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Wetland: Wetland is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. • Option B — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is monitoring helps compare actual outcomes with commitments. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. • Option C — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is a pond, forest or grassland can be studied as an ecosystem. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is biotic and abiotic components interact within it. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “a hotspot is not simply any place with many species” and “the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions”.

Correct Answer: Option C — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Wetland: Wetland is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. • Option B — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. • Option D — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is energy flows while nutrients cycle through the system. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a functional unit of organisms and their physical environment. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India” and “a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss”.

Correct Answer: Option B — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Wetland: Wetland is marshes, floodplains, lakeshores and mangrove areas can be wetlands. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is the Ramsar Convention provides an international wetland framework. • Option C — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is baseline conditions and predicted impacts are assessed. • Option D — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is biotic and abiotic components interact within it. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is a pond, forest or grassland can be studied as an ecosystem. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “the concept prioritizes globally important conservation regions” and “a hotspot is not simply any place with many species”.

Correct Answer: Option A — Biodiversity Hotspot. Biodiversity Hotspot is correct because it is a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss. Biodiversity Hotspot is also specifically associated with parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India. Two additional identifying facts are that Biodiversity Hotspot is parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India and Biodiversity Hotspot is associated with a hotspot is not simply any place with many species. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Wetland: Wetland is land where water controls ecological conditions for significant periods. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is wetlands can store floodwater and support specialized biodiversity. • Option C — Environmental Impact Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment is a process for examining likely environmental effects before project decisions. It is incorrect here because its separate identifying association is mitigation and environmental-management measures are considered. • Option D — Ecosystem: Ecosystem is a functional unit of organisms and their physical environment. Exam Takeaway: Connect Biodiversity Hotspot with “a region combining exceptional endemism with severe habitat loss” and “parts of the Himalaya and Western Ghats-Sri Lanka hotspots occur in India”.