Which of the following statements about Mongolia is correct?

The correct statement is that Mongolia is the world's most sparsely populated sovereign country, holding the lowest population density among fully sovereign UN member states. The other three statements are common misconceptions that examiners deliberately test. First, Mongolia is often popularly believed to be the world's largest landlocked country, but this title actually belongs to Kazakhstan, whose territory is considerably larger; Mongolia is large but ranks behind Kazakhstan in this specific superlative, and conflating the two is one of the most persistent errors in general-knowledge preparation. Second, the claim that Mongolia has a Pacific coastline is factually false: Mongolia is entirely landlocked, sealed off from any ocean by Russia to its north and China to its south, east and west, with no sea access whatsoever. Third, the claim that Mongolia borders Kazakhstan is also incorrect, since Kazakhstan lies further west and is separated from Mongolia by Russian and Chinese territory; Mongolia's only two land neighbours are Russia and China. The chronology worth noting is that Mongolia's population has grown modestly over recent decades, yet its enormous land area, roughly one and a half million square kilometres, keeps density extremely low even as urban centres like Ulaanbaatar absorb a growing share of the population. A frequent exam trap is assuming "landlocked" and "sparsely populated" superlatives both belong to the same country, when in fact the largest-landlocked title (Kazakhstan) and the lowest-density-sovereign-state title (Mongolia) are held by two different nations entirely.