Which Indian soil term is correctly associated with classification or identity “a transported soil deposited mainly by rivers”, and also with “widespread across the Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra plains and coastal deltas”?

Correct Answer: Option A — Alluvial Soil. Alluvial Soil is correctly identified as a transported soil deposited mainly by rivers. Alluvial Soil is also associated with widespread across the Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra plains and coastal deltas. Another identifying fact about Alluvial Soil is that it commonly contains varying proportions of sand, silt and clay. A further exam-relevant fact about Alluvial Soil is that it supports crops such as rice, wheat, sugarcane and jute. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Black Soil: Black Soil is a clay-rich soil also called regur or black cotton soil. It is incorrect here because Black Soil is instead associated with extensive over the Deccan Trap region of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. • Option C — Red and Yellow Soil: Red and Yellow Soil is a soil whose colour is linked mainly to iron compounds. It is incorrect here because Red and Yellow Soil is instead associated with widespread over parts of the eastern and southern Peninsular plateau. • Option D — Laterite Soil: Laterite Soil is a strongly leached soil formed under high temperature and heavy rainfall. It is incorrect here because Laterite Soil is instead associated with found on parts of the Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats and northeastern hills. Exam Takeaway: Connect Alluvial Soil with “a transported soil deposited mainly by rivers” and “widespread across the Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra plains and coastal deltas” for revision.