Which Indian soil term is correctly associated with source or location “widespread over parts of the eastern and southern Peninsular plateau”, and also with “it forms largely from weathering of ancient crystalline rocks”?

Correct Answer: Option B — Red and Yellow Soil. Red and Yellow Soil is correctly identified as widespread over parts of the eastern and southern Peninsular plateau. Red and Yellow Soil is also associated with it forms largely from weathering of ancient crystalline rocks. Another identifying fact about Red and Yellow Soil is that it forms largely from weathering of ancient crystalline rocks. A further exam-relevant fact about Red and Yellow Soil is that it is generally deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and humus. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Laterite Soil: Laterite Soil is found on parts of the Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats and northeastern hills. It is incorrect here because Laterite Soil is instead associated with it is often rich in iron and aluminium oxides but poor in humus. • Option C — Arid Soil: Arid Soil is prominent in western Rajasthan and adjoining dry regions. It is incorrect here because Arid Soil is instead associated with low humus and moisture are common limitations. • Option D — Forest and Mountain Soil: Forest and Mountain Soil is found across Himalayan and other highland regions. It is incorrect here because Forest and Mountain Soil is instead associated with texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope. Exam Takeaway: Connect Red and Yellow Soil with “widespread over parts of the eastern and southern Peninsular plateau” and “it forms largely from weathering of ancient crystalline rocks” for revision.