Which Indian soil term is correctly associated with important geographical fact “it is generally deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and humus”, and also with “a soil whose colour is linked mainly to iron compounds”?

Correct Answer: Option D — Red and Yellow Soil. Red and Yellow Soil is correctly identified as it is generally deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and humus. Red and Yellow Soil is also associated with a soil whose colour is linked mainly to iron compounds. Another identifying fact about Red and Yellow Soil is that it forms largely from weathering of ancient crystalline rocks. A further exam-relevant fact about Red and Yellow Soil is that it is generally deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and humus. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Laterite Soil: Laterite Soil is with manuring it can support tea, coffee, rubber and cashew. It is incorrect here because Laterite Soil is instead associated with a strongly leached soil formed under high temperature and heavy rainfall. • Option B — Arid Soil: Arid Soil is irrigation can make suitable areas productive but may increase salinity if poorly managed. It is incorrect here because Arid Soil is instead associated with a sandy soil of arid and semi-arid environments. • Option C — Forest and Mountain Soil: Forest and Mountain Soil is terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits. It is incorrect here because Forest and Mountain Soil is instead associated with a variable soil group formed under mountain vegetation and relief. Exam Takeaway: Connect Red and Yellow Soil with “it is generally deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and humus” and “a soil whose colour is linked mainly to iron compounds” for revision.