Which Indian soil term is correctly associated with important geographical fact “prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material”, and also with “an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions”?

Correct Answer: Option D — Peaty and Marshy Soil. Peaty and Marshy Soil is correctly identified as prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. Peaty and Marshy Soil is also associated with an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions. Another identifying fact about Peaty and Marshy Soil is that it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. A further exam-relevant fact about Peaty and Marshy Soil is that prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Khadar: Khadar is it is more frequently flooded than the older alluvial terraces. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with the newer alluvium of active floodplains. • Option B — Bangar: Bangar is it is generally less frequently renewed by floods than khadar. It is incorrect here because Bangar is instead associated with the older alluvium of elevated river terraces. • Option C — Alluvial Soil: Alluvial Soil is it supports crops such as rice, wheat, sugarcane and jute. It is incorrect here because Alluvial Soil is instead associated with a transported soil deposited mainly by rivers. Exam Takeaway: Connect Peaty and Marshy Soil with “prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material” and “an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions” for revision.