The source-backed, question-specific record explains: The Battle of Ghaghra was fought in May 1529 between Babur and the Afghan chieftains of Bihar and Bengal (led by Mahmud Lodi and Nusrat Shah of Bengal). Babur won, consolidating Mughal authority in eastern India. This evidence establishes the historical relationship required in this Important Battles item. A correct solution must preserve the exact battle, date, participants, commander, location, outcome or significance requested by the stem. Similar periods, genres or national traditions do not make two battle facts interchangeable. Option A gives Babur defeated Afghan chiefs and satisfies every condition stated in the question. The remaining choices—Humayun defeated Sher Shah, Akbar defeated the Afghans and Babur defeated Rajputs—do not satisfy the complete requirement. The reliable checking method is to identify the named battle first, recall or verify its verified participant or outcome, and then read qualifiers such as “both works,” “original language,” “first published,” “correctly matched” or “incorrectly matched.” These qualifiers determine what counts as the answer. Replaying that method for this Important Battles question confirms Babur defeated Afghan chiefs without relying on option position.
