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The choice of refrigerant for domestic refrigerators depends on efficiency, safety, and environmental factors. Option A (Ammonia) is incorrect — ammonia is the refrigerant used in LARGE cold storage units and industrial refrigeration, not in domestic (household) refrigerators. Ammonia is toxic, pungent, and requires robust containment, making it unsuitable for home use. Option B (Nitrogen) is incorrect — nitrogen is an inert gas used as a cryogen (liquid nitrogen at -196°C) for specialized applications. It is not used as a cycling refrigerant in domestic refrigerators. Option C (CFC — Chlorofluorocarbon) is CORRECT — the image states: बड़े शीतगृह संयंत्र प्रशीतक के रूप में अमोनिया का उपयोग करते हैं, जबकि घरेलू रेफ्रिजरेटर में CFC (क्लोरो-फ्लोरो कार्बन) का उपयोग करते हैं. CFC (Freon, R-12) was the standard domestic refrigerant. Modern domestic refrigerators now use HFC (R-134a, R-410A) as a safer alternative, but CFC is the answer given in traditional exam content. Option D (Helium) is incorrect — helium is used as a cryogenic coolant in MRI machines and superconducting magnets at near absolute zero temperatures. It has no practical application as a domestic refrigerator refrigerant.
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Heat is a form of energy that transfers between objects or systems due to a temperature difference, moving from a hotter body to a cooler one until thermal equilibrium is reached.
