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Correct answer: A live microorganism that may confer a health benefit when adequately consumed. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, may confer a health benefit on the host. Effects are strain-specific and condition-specific; not every fermented food or bacterial product has proven probiotic benefit. Indigestible substrates are prebiotics, vitamins are chemical nutrients and harmful contaminants are not probiotics.
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The body needs carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. Dietary fibre also supports digestive and metabolic health. A balanced diet supplies these components in amounts suited to a person’s age, activity and physiological needs.
Competitive exams commonly test nutrient functions and sources, energy values, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, balanced diets, and protein-energy malnutrition such as kwashiorkor and marasmus.
Learn each nutrient as a four-part link: its major dietary sources, principal function, characteristic deficiency and important excess effect. This method makes similar options easier to distinguish.
