Which Indian soil term is correctly associated with course, basin or associated feature “low humus and moisture are common limitations”, and also with “irrigation can make suitable areas productive but may increase salinity if poorly managed”?

Correct Answer: Option C — Arid Soil. Arid Soil is correctly identified as low humus and moisture are common limitations. Arid Soil is also associated with irrigation can make suitable areas productive but may increase salinity if poorly managed. Another identifying fact about Arid Soil is that low humus and moisture are common limitations. A further exam-relevant fact about Arid Soil is that irrigation can make suitable areas productive but may increase salinity if poorly managed. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Forest and Mountain Soil: Forest and Mountain Soil is texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope. It is incorrect here because Forest and Mountain Soil is instead associated with terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits. • Option B — Saline and Alkaline Soil: Saline and Alkaline Soil is reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. It is incorrect here because Saline and Alkaline Soil is instead associated with drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. • Option D — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. Exam Takeaway: Connect Arid Soil with “low humus and moisture are common limitations” and “irrigation can make suitable areas productive but may increase salinity if poorly managed” for revision.