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SSC CGL
mediumQ. No. 14868

Zone refining is used to obtain which type of material?

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Zone refining, also called zone melting, is used to produce ultra-pure metals and semiconductor materials. A narrow region of an impure solid is melted and moved slowly along the rod. As the molten zone travels, impurities concentrate in it and are carried toward one end. Germanium, silicon, gallium and indium can be purified by this technique. It does not manufacture alloys, separate isotopes or make polymers. Concept depth: Zone refining uses a moving narrow molten zone to remove impurities from a solid rod. Its basis is the distribution of an impurity between solid and liquid phases.

AAlloys
BIsotopes
CUltra-pure metals and semiconductors
DPolymers
Correct Answer: Ultra-pure metals and semiconductorsYour Answer: C

Explanation

Correct answer: Option C — Ultra-pure metals and semiconductors. The moving molten zone carries impurities toward one end because the impurities preferentially remain in the liquid phase. Alloys are mixtures made by combining components, isotopes require other separation methods, and polymers form through polymerisation. These processes are different from zone refining. Option analysis: Alloy production deliberately combines elements, whereas zone refining removes unwanted material. Zone refining is a purification method for materials such as silicon, germanium, gallium and indium, so the ultra-pure metal and semiconductor option is correct.

Important Notes

  • Zone refining produces ultra-pure metals and semiconductors.
  • Impurities are more soluble in the molten zone than in the solid.
  • Repeated molten-zone passes move impurities toward one end.
  • Silicon and germanium are common applications.

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FAQ

SSC CGL Chemistry FAQs

Common questions and clear answers for this topic.

What does zone refining produce?

It produces ultra-pure metals and semiconductor materials.

Name two materials purified by zone refining.

Silicon and germanium are common examples.

What principle is used in zone refining?

Different solubility of impurities in the solid and molten phases.

Why are repeated zone-refining passes used?

Each pass moves more impurity toward the end and increases purity.

How many chemistry questions typically appear in the SSC CGL exam?

Chemistry usually contributes a handful of questions within the General Awareness section, generally covering basic concepts rather than calculation-heavy problems.

Which chemistry topics are most important for SSC CGL preparation?

Atomic structure, periodic table trends, acids-bases-salts, metals and non-metals, and carbon compounds are the areas that appear most consistently across past papers.

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Which metal is the best conductor of electricity?Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of CH3-CH=CH-CH3?What is the overall cell reaction in a Daniell cell?