Soils in India Questions and Answers – Page 2

Correct Answer: Option B — Peaty and Marshy Soil. Peaty and Marshy Soil is correctly identified as found in parts of Kerala, coastal wetlands and other poorly drained depressions. Peaty and Marshy Soil is also associated with it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. Another identifying fact about Peaty and Marshy Soil is that it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. A further exam-relevant fact about Peaty and Marshy Soil is that prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Khadar: Khadar is deposited repeatedly along low-lying river floodplains. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with fresh silt renewal generally makes it highly fertile. • Option C — Bangar: Bangar is located above the active floodplain in many northern plains. It is incorrect here because Bangar is instead associated with calcareous kankar nodules may occur within its profile. • Option D — Alluvial Soil: Alluvial Soil is widespread across the Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra plains and coastal deltas. It is incorrect here because Alluvial Soil is instead associated with it commonly contains varying proportions of sand, silt and clay. Exam Takeaway: Connect Peaty and Marshy Soil with “found in parts of Kerala, coastal wetlands and other poorly drained depressions” and “it commonly has high humus and may be acidic” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option A — Peaty and Marshy Soil. Peaty and Marshy Soil is correctly identified as an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions. Peaty and Marshy Soil is also associated with found in parts of Kerala, coastal wetlands and other poorly drained depressions. Another identifying fact about Peaty and Marshy Soil is that it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. A further exam-relevant fact about Peaty and Marshy Soil is that prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Khadar: Khadar is the newer alluvium of active floodplains. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with deposited repeatedly along low-lying river floodplains. • Option C — Bangar: Bangar is the older alluvium of elevated river terraces. It is incorrect here because Bangar is instead associated with located above the active floodplain in many northern plains. • Option D — Alluvial Soil: Alluvial Soil is a transported soil deposited mainly by rivers. It is incorrect here because Alluvial Soil is instead associated with widespread across the Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra plains and coastal deltas. Exam Takeaway: Connect Peaty and Marshy Soil with “an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions” and “found in parts of Kerala, coastal wetlands and other poorly drained depressions” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option D — Saline and Alkaline Soil. Saline and Alkaline Soil is correctly identified as drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. Saline and Alkaline Soil is also associated with a soil containing excessive soluble salts or exchangeable sodium. Another identifying fact about Saline and Alkaline Soil is that reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. A further exam-relevant fact about Saline and Alkaline Soil is that drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions. • Option B — Khadar: Khadar is it is more frequently flooded than the older alluvial terraces. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with the newer alluvium of active floodplains. • Option C — Bangar: Bangar is it is generally less frequently renewed by floods than khadar. It is incorrect here because Bangar is instead associated with the older alluvium of elevated river terraces. Exam Takeaway: Connect Saline and Alkaline Soil with “drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate” and “a soil containing excessive soluble salts or exchangeable sodium” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option C — Saline and Alkaline Soil. Saline and Alkaline Soil is correctly identified as reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. Saline and Alkaline Soil is also associated with drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. Another identifying fact about Saline and Alkaline Soil is that reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. A further exam-relevant fact about Saline and Alkaline Soil is that drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. • Option B — Khadar: Khadar is fresh silt renewal generally makes it highly fertile. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with it is more frequently flooded than the older alluvial terraces. • Option D — Bangar: Bangar is calcareous kankar nodules may occur within its profile. It is incorrect here because Bangar is instead associated with it is generally less frequently renewed by floods than khadar. Exam Takeaway: Connect Saline and Alkaline Soil with “reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land” and “drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option B — Saline and Alkaline Soil. Saline and Alkaline Soil is correctly identified as occurs in arid tracts, poorly drained plains and some coastal areas. Saline and Alkaline Soil is also associated with reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. Another identifying fact about Saline and Alkaline Soil is that reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. A further exam-relevant fact about Saline and Alkaline Soil is that drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is found in parts of Kerala, coastal wetlands and other poorly drained depressions. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. • Option C — Khadar: Khadar is deposited repeatedly along low-lying river floodplains. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with fresh silt renewal generally makes it highly fertile. • Option D — Bangar: Bangar is located above the active floodplain in many northern plains. It is incorrect here because Bangar is instead associated with calcareous kankar nodules may occur within its profile. Exam Takeaway: Connect Saline and Alkaline Soil with “occurs in arid tracts, poorly drained plains and some coastal areas” and “reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option A — Saline and Alkaline Soil. Saline and Alkaline Soil is correctly identified as a soil containing excessive soluble salts or exchangeable sodium. Saline and Alkaline Soil is also associated with occurs in arid tracts, poorly drained plains and some coastal areas. Another identifying fact about Saline and Alkaline Soil is that reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. A further exam-relevant fact about Saline and Alkaline Soil is that drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with found in parts of Kerala, coastal wetlands and other poorly drained depressions. • Option C — Khadar: Khadar is the newer alluvium of active floodplains. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with deposited repeatedly along low-lying river floodplains. • Option D — Bangar: Bangar is the older alluvium of elevated river terraces. It is incorrect here because Bangar is instead associated with located above the active floodplain in many northern plains. Exam Takeaway: Connect Saline and Alkaline Soil with “a soil containing excessive soluble salts or exchangeable sodium” and “occurs in arid tracts, poorly drained plains and some coastal areas” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option D — Forest and Mountain Soil. Forest and Mountain Soil is correctly identified as terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits. Forest and Mountain Soil is also associated with a variable soil group formed under mountain vegetation and relief. Another identifying fact about Forest and Mountain Soil is that texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope. A further exam-relevant fact about Forest and Mountain Soil is that terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Saline and Alkaline Soil: Saline and Alkaline Soil is drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. It is incorrect here because Saline and Alkaline Soil is instead associated with a soil containing excessive soluble salts or exchangeable sodium. • Option B — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions. • Option C — Khadar: Khadar is it is more frequently flooded than the older alluvial terraces. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with the newer alluvium of active floodplains. Exam Takeaway: Connect Forest and Mountain Soil with “terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits” and “a variable soil group formed under mountain vegetation and relief” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option C — Forest and Mountain Soil. Forest and Mountain Soil is correctly identified as texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope. Forest and Mountain Soil is also associated with terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits. Another identifying fact about Forest and Mountain Soil is that texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope. A further exam-relevant fact about Forest and Mountain Soil is that terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Saline and Alkaline Soil: Saline and Alkaline Soil is reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. It is incorrect here because Saline and Alkaline Soil is instead associated with drainage, leaching and gypsum treatment can aid reclamation where appropriate. • Option B — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with prolonged saturation slows decomposition of plant material. • Option D — Khadar: Khadar is fresh silt renewal generally makes it highly fertile. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with it is more frequently flooded than the older alluvial terraces. Exam Takeaway: Connect Forest and Mountain Soil with “texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope” and “terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option B — Forest and Mountain Soil. Forest and Mountain Soil is correctly identified as found across Himalayan and other highland regions. Forest and Mountain Soil is also associated with texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope. Another identifying fact about Forest and Mountain Soil is that texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope. A further exam-relevant fact about Forest and Mountain Soil is that terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option A — Saline and Alkaline Soil: Saline and Alkaline Soil is occurs in arid tracts, poorly drained plains and some coastal areas. It is incorrect here because Saline and Alkaline Soil is instead associated with reh, usar and kallar are regional names associated with salt-affected land. • Option C — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is found in parts of Kerala, coastal wetlands and other poorly drained depressions. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with it commonly has high humus and may be acidic. • Option D — Khadar: Khadar is deposited repeatedly along low-lying river floodplains. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with fresh silt renewal generally makes it highly fertile. Exam Takeaway: Connect Forest and Mountain Soil with “found across Himalayan and other highland regions” and “texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope” for revision.

Correct Answer: Option A — Forest and Mountain Soil. Forest and Mountain Soil is correctly identified as a variable soil group formed under mountain vegetation and relief. Forest and Mountain Soil is also associated with found across Himalayan and other highland regions. Another identifying fact about Forest and Mountain Soil is that texture and humus content change markedly with altitude and slope. A further exam-relevant fact about Forest and Mountain Soil is that terraced and valley areas may support tea, spices and temperate fruits. Why the other options are incorrect: • Option B — Saline and Alkaline Soil: Saline and Alkaline Soil is a soil containing excessive soluble salts or exchangeable sodium. It is incorrect here because Saline and Alkaline Soil is instead associated with occurs in arid tracts, poorly drained plains and some coastal areas. • Option C — Peaty and Marshy Soil: Peaty and Marshy Soil is an organic-rich soil formed in waterlogged conditions. It is incorrect here because Peaty and Marshy Soil is instead associated with found in parts of Kerala, coastal wetlands and other poorly drained depressions. • Option D — Khadar: Khadar is the newer alluvium of active floodplains. It is incorrect here because Khadar is instead associated with deposited repeatedly along low-lying river floodplains. Exam Takeaway: Connect Forest and Mountain Soil with “a variable soil group formed under mountain vegetation and relief” and “found across Himalayan and other highland regions” for revision.