SSC CGL Human Body Questions and Answers – Page 7

Thyroxine is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Adrenaline is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Cortisol is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Decide whether it concerns anatomy, physiology, blood, hormones, vitamins, immunity, pathogens, or disease. Therefore option C, Insulin, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Insulin produced by beta cells of pancreas lowers blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake into cells. Glucagon raises blood glucose.

f the kidney is In the human body, this option has the required identity, location, function, secretion, deficiency relationship, or disease association. Alveolus is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Lobule is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Glomerulus is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Therefore option B, Nephron, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. Each kidney has about 1 million nephrons which filter blood and produce urine.

Bronchi is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Trachea is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Bronchioles is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Therefore option C, Alveoli, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Gas exchange (O2 and CO2) occurs in alveoli of lungs. Alveoli are tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries where oxygen enters blood and CO2 leaves.

Uterus is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Ovary is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Cervix is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Therefore option C, Fallopian tube, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Fertilization normally occurs in the fallopian tube (usually in the ampulla region). The fertilized egg then travels to the uterus for implantation.

est nerve in the human body? In the human body, this option has the required identity, location, function, secretion, deficiency relationship, or disease association. Optic nerve is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Vagus nerve is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Femoral nerve is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Therefore option C, Sciatic nerve, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Sciatic nerve is the longest and widest nerve in the human body.

In the human body, this option has the required identity, location, function, secretion, deficiency relationship, or disease association. Chest is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Abdomen is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Brain is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Therefore option C, Neck, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck.

In the human body, this option has the required identity, location, function, secretion, deficiency relationship, or disease association. Vitamin C is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Vitamin D is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Vitamin B12 is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Then recall the exact source–function or deficiency–disorder pair and eliminate neighbouring concepts. Do not confuse an organ that produces a substance with an organ on which that substance acts, or a vector with the organism that causes a disease. Therefore option C, Vitamin A, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Vitamin A (retinol) deficiency causes night blindness as it is essential for formation of rhodopsin (visual pigment) in rod cells of retina.

ess of breathing is controlled by which part of the brain? Cerebrum is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Cerebellum is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Thalamus is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Therefore option C, Medulla oblongata, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Medulla oblongata in the brainstem controls involuntary functions like breathing heartbeat blood pressure and swallowing.

Optic nerve is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Facial nerve is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Vagus nerve is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Therefore option B, Oculomotor nerve, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) controls most eye movements. Trochlear (IV) and Abducens (VI) nerves also help with eye movement.

s responsible for filtration of blood? Loop of Henle is incorrect because it refers to a different organ, substance, process, or medical association. Collecting duct is also incorrect; it may be biologically important, but its principal role or defining feature is not the one being tested here. Proximal tubule is incorrect because its function, source, target, or disease relationship does not match the question. Decide whether it concerns anatomy, physiology, blood, hormones, vitamins, immunity, pathogens, or disease. Therefore option B, Bowman's capsule, is factually consistent with the stem, the marked correct index, and the explanation. Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtered fluid (filtrate) from blood.